This monograph is devoted to the study of the role of anthropomorphic artifacts in the life of people and in the history of human culture. Particular attention is paid to the "ideology of anthropomorphism," which allows the use of anthropomorphic toys for the purpose of "social construction," that is, for the formation and development of the "space of personality" of a child, his awareness of his "Self," opposed to "Other," overcoming the age stage of "autism," the formation of gender, social and ethnocultural affiliation and desirable standards of behavior.