The first volume of the textbook covers the early and developed Middle Ages (V-XV centuries). Re-written by the most famous scholars and teachers of medieval history from Moscow State University and institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, it reflects the modern achievements of medieval studies and gives a complete picture of European medieval civilization. The second volume of the textbook sets out the history of European countries in the late Middle Ages (early modern times) - XVI - mid-XVII century. Radical changes in the economic, social and cultural development of European countries, the emergence of early capitalist relations, great geographical discoveries, radical changes in the state structure of Germany, England, France are shown. Much attention is paid to pan-European processes, such as the Reformation, Counter-Reformation, Renaissance. The history of the first pan-European war - the Thirty Years - and its consequences for the development of the region are covered. The history of only Europe is presented!