Many writers, philosophers, poets and historians tried to understand the great, world significance of Greek culture, its meaning. A special place among the books written on this issue is occupied by the work of Andre Bonnard, a well-known progressive Swiss scientist. This study, clothed in a brilliant literary form, is based on a deep knowledge of the culture and history of ancient Greece, in particular its literature. The popular work does not pretend to be a complete account of the history of Greek civilization. This is just a perspective overview of her, illustrated with characteristic examples. The author covered here the forward movement (the first volume), and then the heyday (in the second volume) and the rapid decline of Greek civilization that followed, while trying to explain its reasons.