The book presents modern historiography in the broad context of historical disputes and the development of social sciences. The author pays special attention to the periodization of historiography in the "long twentieth historiographic century," as well as the contribution of Marxism and the influence of the cultural revolution of 1968. Of great interest are the fundamental epistemological and methodological lessons of the history of modern historiography. The book is intended for specialists - historians, culturologists, sociologists, as well as a wide range of readers.