"Russian Language" - one of the main works of academician V.V. Vinogradov, the largest philologist of our time - has become a necessary book of more than one generation of Russianists, linguists, philologists. The 1947 edition - now a bibliographic rarity, the second edition - 1972 - did not fully satisfy the need for it, and since then a new generation of its readers has grown up. Time does not weaken, on the contrary, confirms the strength and significance of the complex of scientific ideas laid down in this book. The entire course of development of grammatical science of recent decades, as it were, highlighted the axiomatic nature of one of the leading Vinogradov ideas permeating the "Russian language" - about the interaction of vocabulary and grammar.