In the monograph, the author explores the problem of interethnic relations, implemented on the example of the Western Ukrainian ethno-political sphere during the modernization of the Habsburg Empire, as well as in the post-imperial space (West Ukrainian People's Republic, Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), and also clarifies the features of ethnopolitical and ethno-confessional relations of ethnic communities during the incorporation of the region by the Austrian Empire, and later by Austria-Hungary, identifies colonization strategies as a means of cultural polyglossia, highlights issues of political and confessional factors of interethnic relations, explores interethnic compromises and the culture of interethnic interaction through personification of political actors and ethnic elites.