The book includes fragments from the geographical part of the encyclopedic work of the Central Asian scientist of the XVII century. Mahmoud ibn Wali Baha al-asrar fi nmanakib al-ahyar, their translation and research. The work contains the most valuable geographical, historical, ethnographic and economic information about the past of Central Asia, Kazakhstan, the Volga region, as well as East Turkestan, Iran and Afghanistan. Designed for a wide range of specialists: geographers, ethnographers, economists and geologists. Translated into Russian for the first time.