The work is an understanding of the history of a unique region, which is Bessarabia. The most important plots of the Bessarabian past and the ethnic history of the Bessarabian Bulgarians are reflected in an accessible form. The first part summarizes the history of Bessarabia from the emergence of the first tribes, principalities, kingdoms, states to the current period. Historical information of the region and Danube cities is given. The second part summarizes the history of the Bulgarian people, which covers the period: the origin of the Slavs, the formation of the First and Second Bulgarian kingdoms, the five-century Turkish enslavement, resettlement in Bessarabia and the Novorossiysk Territory. A historical description of the Bulgarian colonies in Bessarabia in the middle of the 19th century is given. The author introduces readers to the history of other nationalities of Bessarabia.