The manual briefly describes the basic theoretical information necessary to understand the reactions occurring in aqueous solutions and used in the analysis of environmental objects. The basics of the most common analysis methods used in hydrogeology and geoecology are considered. The manual also contains material for independent work of students, a description of laboratory work on the determination of organic and inorganic compounds by titrimetric, electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. For students of the 2nd year of the Faculty of Geology, specialties "Hydrogeology" and "Geoecology."