The work belongs to the theoretical and applied, "university" direction. On the basis of the method of aseptic analysis of the semantics and functioning of the sentence, some controversial issues of syntactic theory and practice have been resolved in a new way, the Russian syntax is systemically compared with English and Hungarian. The categories and components of the nominative aspect of the proposal are the focus. Separately, the means of expressing subject-object relations, localization and possessiveness in three languages ​ ​ are considered, as well as the features of the syntax of the Russian official-business style against the background of English are noted.