Thomas Carlyle (Carlisle) was born December 4, 1795 in Ecklefehan (Scotland) in the family of a bricklayer and farmer. He received his primary education in Ecklefehan and at a private school in the Scottish city of Ennan. In 1809, he entered the University of Edinburgh, where he prepared for a spiritual career, but instead received a degree in mathematics and, after graduating from the university from 1814, was a teacher in Ennan, then in Kirkcaldy. In 1818, Thomas Carlyle returned to Edinburgh to study law, but paid more attention to the German language, history and philosophy. In 1820, Carlyle finally abandoned the career of a priest, lawyer and teacher and decided to earn a living by literary work. In 1824, he published a biography of Schiller and a number of translations, lived in Edinburgh and on his wife's farm, and earned a living in journalism. In 1834, Carlyle published the novel "Sartor Rezartus. The Life and Opinions of Professor Teifelsdrock," written in the spirit of German romanticism and classical idealism, which generally had a strong influence on the writer's worldview. In this philosophical and journalistic novel, the essence of Carlyle's philosophy was expressed: the modern world is "dislocated," because to solve his problems he chose the methods of scientific rationalism, instead of reviving the truth of the spirit to life.