This book is an anthology of translations from ancient Greek and Latin, in a systematic form representing the views of ancient authors and the history of the development of ancient linguistics and rhetoric. The author of the introductory article and the editor of the grammar section "Problems of Language" is I. M. Trotsky. The author of the introductory article and editor of the stylistic section "Problems of Style" is S. V. Melikova-Tolstaya. The collection aims to acquaint the reader interested in linguistic and cultural problems with the historical development and ideological foundations of ancient linguistics and ancient rhetoric.