Fundamental physical effects and electronic processes characteristic of nanoscale structures are examined in detail. Principles of functioning and types of nanoelectronic devices for information processing are described. Nanotechnology approaches allowing to form instrument structures of nanoelectronics and spintronics are given. Along with the updated and expanded theoretical material of the previous edition, this edition includes practical tasks and self-test test questions designed to consolidate the theoretical material under study. For undergraduates, undergraduates, and graduate students professionally focused on careers in modern electronics and nanotechnology. For students of specialties "Micro- and nanoelectronic technologies and systems" and "Quantum information systems."