On the basis of a large anthropological material obtained as a result of expeditionary research in 1960-1964, the book shows the features of the physical type of Siberians depending on their origin, the influence of climatic adaptation, isolation and partitioning. The history of the settlement of different regions of Siberia by Russians is covered in detail; issues of mixing Russians with the indigenous population are considered; anthropological types of Siberians are distinguished; gives a brief summary of the number and movement of the Russian and indigenous population of Siberia.