The monograph is dedicated to the phenomenon - a kind of reserve of ancient Russian culture in the Far North - the villages of Russkoye Ustye and Pokhodsk, located in the lower reaches of Indigirka and Kolyma. For the first time, an attempt was made to make a holistic idea of ​ ​ the northernmost sub-ethnic groups of the Russian people - Russian Ustyins and Hikers.