So Yoson - South Korean scientist, doctor of sciences, specialist in the study of German language and literature, editor-in-chief of the publishing house of the Korean Society Bertolt Brecht, exploring the connections of various disciplines from theatrical art to neuroscience. Is it easy to believe that Aristotle and the science fiction film "The Matrix" run like a red thread through modern brain science and Spinoza's philosophy, explaining the relationship between the brain and the mind? which is called the cradle of consciousness, and the mind, on which the activity of consciousness is directed? Is it possible the phenomenon of mind, which is considered a decisive factor in human development, distinguishes people from animals, explain only the electrochemical activity of neurons in the brain? This book is devoted to the consideration of such fundamental questions and unites several scientific disciplines, which developed in the course of intense debate about the relationship of matter and mind, which originate from ancient times and continue to this day. This work is not a simple citation of previously written research aimed at defending its position, it emphasizes the need for a new study of the brain, which will have to incorporate both philosophical conclusions and a scientific evidence base.