The book introduces effective methods of invention and rationalization: functional and cost analysis and the theory of solving inventive problems. Among the popular books on "know-how" ("know how to do") today, this one occupies a special place, since it describes one of the most useful technologies: how not to do unnecessary work. And the one that is really needed, the methods of functional and cost analysis (FSA) and the theory of solving inventive problems (TRIZ) are taught to perform with minimal costs. Of course, this is not easy: to discipline thinking in such a way as to think "according to the scheme..."