The purpose of this textbook is to present a holistic picture of the development of British society in the XX - early XXI centuries. The book discusses the main problems of the internal, foreign and colonial policies of Great Britain, the peculiarities of the political and economic development of the country, the activities of leading parties. The role of Great Britain in the international arena, the participation of the British in two world wars are shown. The manual is addressed to students, graduate students of higher educational institutions, teachers, researchers, as well as political scientists, sociologists and everyone who is interested in the latest history of Great Britain and Europe.