The textbook presents the modern concept of comparative political science as a dynamically developing humanitarian science with an emphasis on civilizational and cultural factors, the role and significance of which is increasing under the influence of the information revolution. For the first time in Russian literature, a conceptual analysis of the transition from classical to postclassic research methods in comparative political science is given, the methodological possibilities of synergetics and hermeneutics as the most promising postclassic concepts in comparative studies are shown. A significant role is also given to the information paradigm, the emergence of virtual political space and virtual political time, which significantly expanded the horizons of comparative analysis. The manual also presents a comparative analysis of the political cultures of world civilizations: Russian, Confucian-Buddhist, Indo-Buddhist, Islamic and Western.