These "Essays." Represent the collective work of the Section for the Study of the History of the Proletariat of the USSR of the Society of Marxist Historians. This is the first volume covering the historical path of the proletariat, which is going to conquer its dictatorship. The history of the proletariat, as a fighter class and builder of socialism, has not yet been written in a sufficiently complete, historically correct and accessible to the general public and Marxist-Leninist coverage.