The book presents the richness and diversity of Russian folk clothing, created over many centuries of the development of traditional culture. The formation of costume complexes that took shape in different natural zones, their changes as they settled in the vast spaces of the Eurasian continent and during cultural exchange with neighboring peoples was traced. The role of clothing as one of the most important elements of material and spiritual culture as a sign of ethnic, estate, social and religious peculiarities of the structure of society is considered. It is shown that with a single basis of folk costume, it is characterized by wide variability in the cut of individual objects, in the richness of the color palette, in the originality of decorative decoration, allowing to express the specificity of traditions in the regions, their local groups and even in individual settlements. Clothing is seen as a means of expressing self-awareness and as a way of self-identification of the people.