The work considers the vocabulary used to indicate family relations both in the literary language and in dialects, for example: father, father, daduncle, stryko, vuiko; nephew, nebezhbrother-in-law, schwager; dever, brother-in-law; For the first time, the history of the emergence and development of each name on the basis of the Ukrainian language (starting from the Old Russian period) is traced in detail, as well as on the basis of comparing Ukrainian names with the corresponding names of other Indo-European languages. Much attention is paid to the disclosure of the stylistic use of these names, the study of their semantics, word-formation capabilities, as well as the weight in the general vocabulary of the Ukrainian language.