The manual contains recommendations for the examination of banknotes developed as part of the methodology for training cash registers and Bank of Russia experts. All the main stages of banknote production (banknote paper production; printing methods used in banknote production; paints, including special ones), criteria for solvent and insolvent banknotes, techniques and methods of falsification that counterfeiters resort to when imitating protective elements, including machine-readable ones. Intended for experts investigating the authenticity of banknotes and cash employees of financial and credit institutions.