The monograph explores the Great Russian Revolution of 1917-1918, which, with all the variety of forces and goals pursued, had a single libertarian, socio-liberation orientation. Based on archival materials, as well as publications in the party periodical press, the author reconstructs and analyzes libertarian projects of leading Russian left-wing radical movements (anarchists, left-wing non-people and Bolsheviks), considers attempts to implement these projects in social revolutionary practice, and gives his explanation of the historical success of the authoritarian-centralist tradition in Russian society.