Technology and technology for the production of semiconductor materials with wide application in the electronic industry are presented. The basic physical and chemical properties of elementary semiconductors and components of binary compounds necessary for substantiation of rational methods of their deep purification, synthesis and production in the form of massive monocrystals are considered. Traditional and latest technological schemes and technical solutions are given, brief descriptions of the equipment are given, which make it possible to form optimal production schemes taking into account the requirements for product quality.