Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy in women. In 2005, it caused more than 250,000 deaths, approximately 80% of which occurred in developing countries. It is assumed that if urgent measures are not taken, then in 10 years the number of women who die annually from cervical cancer will increase by almost 25%. Reducing cervical cancer deaths through the implementation of screening and adequate treatment, as recommended in this guidance, will contribute to the UN-defined Millennium Development Goals.