Until now, the last, relatively short (570 million years) period of the Earth's life, when trilobites, dinosaurs, etc. lived on its surface, has been widely popular. The remaining years of our planet's existence, the so-called Precambrian (times more ancient than the Cambrian period), remained, from the point of view of paleontology, prehistoric, almost completely unknown. Meanwhile. it is with the oldest part of the history of the Earth that the formation of the most important and largest mineral deposits is associated. In recent years, there has been literally a revolution in the study of this oldest stage.