The author of this work set himself the task of showing the history of military intervention and civil war in the Middle Volga region from the first days after the establishment of Soviet power to the defeat and expulsion of the White Czechs and Kolchakites. We tried to show how the workers and working peasants simultaneously held in their hands not only a hammer and sickle, but also a rifle, to highlight the activities of local party and Soviet bodies to strengthen the rear, to mobilize workers to defend the Soviet state. The work pays attention to numerous events in which the initiative and revolutionary creativity of the working masses were clearly manifested in solving the most difficult and urgent task - the creation of a mass regular Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, as well as the deepening of the socialist revolution in the countryside.