The textbook is based on a course of lectures for bachelors of the Faculty of International Relations of MGIMO and takes into account the political changes that have occurred in the Arab East since 2011. The example of individual Arab countries shows the specifics of their modern political process, new legislation, party systems, electoral law. For students of MGIMO of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, studying in the areas of "Foreign Regional Studies," "International Relations," "Jurisprudence," employees of foreign affairs agencies and all interested in the modern state-political development of Arab countries.