Objectives of the study: based on the Marxist analysis of the socio-economic development of the northern provinces of the Netherlands at the end of XV - the first half of the XVI century. and related changes in the structure of society to find out the nature of the ideological shell of the reformation movement, in particular revolutionary Anabaptism, their socio-political program, the connection and interaction of class battles of the mid-30s of the XVI century. in the Netherlands with the Münster Commune, establish the reasons for the failure of the movement and trace the nature of its subsequent evolution.