The book is dedicated to the life and scientific activities of the outstanding Russian biologist N.K. Koltsov. The work of the scientist led to the creation at the beginning of the twentieth century. molecular biology. The silkworm was cloned by the Koltsov school, artificial mutagenesis was discovered. N.K. Koltsov and his students stood at the origins of modern Darwinism. The book contains a lot of factual and illustrative material. For a wide range of readers.