Here is a translation of a textbook published three times in Germany. Clarity of illustrations, availability and successful presentation of the material is based on demonstrating the relationship between structure and function. The main metabolic compartments of the plant cell are considered; functional biochemical bases of photosynthesis, photorespiration, carbohydrate metabolism; biochemical bases of mineral nutrition, including nitrogen nutrition, nitrogen fixation; secondary metabolism, major pathways of isoprenoid metabolism; regulation of growth and development, hormones and biochemical adaptation of plants to environmental conditions; mechanisms of action of herbicides; plant genome - nuclear, mitochondrial, chloroplast; basic genetic engineering and plant biotechnology.