This book covers the period from the Reformation to the present. Unlike the first three books, whose task was to describe in detail the formation and development of a single tradition of the concept of the Devil, the fourth book reveals the destruction of the unity of this tradition. Its title itself reflects fragmentation, since the name Mephistopheles was invented in the sixteenth century to depict the Devil in the legend of Faust, which, in the end, led Western literature to such unconventional views as Goethe's views.