The published second collection of the publication of the all-Union series of documents on the history of industrialization of the USSR (1926-1941) contains materials about the first five-year plan. The task of the first five-year plan, set by the Communist Party, was to quickly build the foundation of the socialist economy in the form of a powerful heavy industry and socialist agriculture, strengthen the country's defense capability, and eliminate the capitalist elements of the city and village. Based on this task, almost three quarters of capital investments in industry were directed to the heavy industry producing the means of production. Over 1,500 enterprises were to be built, including such giants as the Magnitogorsk and Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plants, the Stalingrad and Kharkov Tractor Plants, the Gorky Automobile, and several others. The threat of aggression of the imperialist countries necessitated an exceptionally high rate of industrial construction.