A comparative analysis of the state and development prospects of foreign and domestic unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for military and civilian purposes was carried out. An assessment of their place and role in the modern geopolitical situation is given. The strengths and weaknesses of unmanned aircraft in solving various problems are shown. The monograph is intended for specialists working in the field of aviation, teachers, graduate students and university students, as well as for a wide range of readers interested in aviation development issues.