S.D. Asfendiarov's book is an actual research work on the 20th anniversary of the historical uprising of the Kazakhs against tsarism. The book contains many materials published for the first time, especially in terms of assessing the positions of the bourgeois-nationalist intelligentsia (excerpts from the Ai-Cap magazine and the Kazakh newspaper). The author explores in detail the roots and origins of the 1916 national liberation uprising in connection with the entire history of Kazakhstan XIX-XX centuries.