In his new book, O.S. Smyslov talks about the events in Prague in May 1945. Particular attention is paid to the assistance of the Soviet Union to Czechoslovakia in the national liberation struggle against Nazism, the course of the Prague uprising, the participation of soldiers of the 1st ROA division of General Vlasov in it. After analyzing numerous sources, the author motivatedly answers the question - who really liberated Prague in May 1945?