The book is dedicated to the ancient history of the Lipetsk region from the Paleolithic era to the 17th century. The publication sets out the oldest history of the Lipetsk Territory, restored on the basis of archaeological research. The period under consideration covers about 25,000 years - from the first evidence of the appearance of man to the design of the Belgorod serif line in the 17th century. The book is intended not only for historians and archaeologists, but also for students, students and everyone interested in the oldest past of their native land.