The author is a professor, director of the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics at George Mason University in the USA - a familiar Russian reader in many books on molecular genetics, history and sociology of science. His fundamental work "Power and Science - The History of the Defeat of Genetics in the USSR" was published in Russian and English in the USA (in 1989 and 1994, respectively) and Russia (1993). In a new study on political dictatorship in Soviet science and the harmful consequences of the Bolshevik Party's interference in scientific activity, the author analyzes pseudo-discoveries in the USSR and considers the role of the individual and the behavior of scientists in conditions of lack of freedom.