The monograph presents and analyzes data on the historical topography and chronology of the Tsarevsky settlement, which is one of the largest archaeological sites of the Golden Horde era in the Lower Volga region. Separately, the history of its study is considered, the beginning of which dates back to XVIII V. The book widely attracts new archival data related to the first large-scale excavations at the Tsarevsky settlement under the leadership of A.V. Tereshchenko in 1843 - 1851