The textbook is devoted to one of the sections of the course "History and Philosophy of Science," read for graduate students of Novosibirsk State Technical University. The manual analyzes the historical stages and main directions of development of foreign psychological views from antiquity to the present day. Along with the philosophical analysis of the classical schools of psychology, the basic concepts, categories and problems of psychological science are also considered. Questions for self-control help to successfully assimilate theoretical provisions. The tutorial contains a list of recommended references for each of the sections in question. The manual is aimed at the formation of universal and general professional competencies and is addressed to students of humanitarian and economic specialties of full-time education in graduate school.