Speaking in a dry and strict language, it should be said that the book is devoted to the doctrine of the solid, liquid and gaseous state of matter. However, a feature of this popular composition is that structural problems are considered from a certain angle of view, namely as manifestations of a peculiar struggle between order and disorder in the world of atoms. At the same time, the author managed not only to outline the foundations of the theory of the atomic structure of substances, but also to consider many of the most important technical processes. The book is written in simple language and is designed for the reader, familiar only with the basics of physics.