At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, the world community faced a global problem of not only medical, but also of great socio-economic importance - a pandemic of chronic non-communicable diseases, which claim millions of lives annually, lead to serious complications associated with disability and the need for high-cost treatment. Doctors, scientists, research doctors, clinicians have accepted this challenge. Medicine has achieved great success in recent decades. Among the achievements are the clarification of etiological factors and pathogenetic mechanisms of a number of diseases, the successful development of new approaches to treatment. Russian experts have created national recommendations for the identification and correction of risk factors, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with CKD, nephro- and cardionephroprotection strategies. The provisions approved in these recommendations formed the basis of this manual for general practitioners.