This educational publication compares favorably with its special innovative level, because there are no similar works. Typological analysis is considered as a methodological procedure of empirical sociology and is interpreted as metametodics - a structural element of the methodology for analyzing sociological data. A system of language constructs metametodics is introduced. The logic of typological analysis in the situation of rigidly structured and semi-structured data is analyzed. At the end of each section, tasks are proposed for self-execution and discussion at seminars.