The monograph is the first Russian-language study of the existential-phenomenological tradition in psychiatry. Analyzing, relying on original texts and biographical materials, the main ideas of representatives of phenomenological psychiatry and existential analysis (K. Jaspers, E. Minkowski, V.E. von Gebzattel, E. Strauss, L. Binswanger, M. Boss, etc.) and building a panorama of their formation and development, the author contains the tradition under consideration in the philosophical context of XX centuries.