The four-volume work "History of Russian Mathematics" in five books was prepared for publication by the Institute of the History of Natural Science and Technology of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Sector of the History of Technology and Natural Science of the Institute of History of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. A large group of specialists took part in the writing of this work, which set itself the goal of illuminating from the standpoint of dialectical materialism the development of Russian mathematics from ancient times to the present.