The monograph is devoted to the study of transient modes of the solar wind of various scales to study the "group" features of the behavior of cosmic rays. It has been established that the non-local properties of the magnetized medium, manifested in the correlation of fluctuations of cosmic rays in the vicinity of the shock wave, can be used to predict it ~ advance of 1 day, and on a large scale and... the active phase of the solar cycle with an advance of about ~ 1 revolution of the Sun. This is due to the fact that the harbinger in cosmic rays is an indicator of the beginning of the restructuring of the magnetic field in the transition mode to the active phase of the solar cycle. Moreover, cosmic rays can provide valuable information about the possible development of the 11-year cycle for several years to come.