The manual examines one of the most common phenomena in the Chinese language - homonymy, explains the reasons for the appearance of a large number of homonyms, describes their qualitative characteristics and sources, and provides a scientifically substantiated classification of homonyms. The provision of the manual with a scientific apparatus allows it to be used as a reference material on the lexicology of the Chinese language. The textbook on lexicology and theoretical grammar of the Chinese language is intended for students of the Chinese language and linguists dealing with lexicology.