Optical sensing, optoelectronics, and photonic devices are the most significant emerging fields from the last four decades, and they continue to grow in terms of invention, innovation and research. The text comprehensively discusses the latest Opto-VLSI devices and circuits useful for healthcare and biomedical applications. It further emphasizes the importance of smart technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and the Internet of Things for the biomedical and healthcare industries. The text presents the advances in the fields of optics and VLSI and their applicability in diverse areas including biomedical engineering and the healthcare sector. It covers important topics such as FET biosensors, optical biosensors and advanced optical materials. It further showcases the significance of smart technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and the Internet of Things for the biomedical and healthcare industries. It will serve as an ideal design book for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields including electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer engineering and biomedical engineering.