This work is an attempt to generalize the materials of the Khorezm expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences for 10 years of its work (1937-1947). Despite the specifics due to its release in the popular science series, it can be considered as a development and continuation of the monograph Ancient Khorezm, completed in 1942. and reflecting the results of the first five years of work. In addition to the fact that the proposed book introduces for the first time materials obtained in the field seasons of 1945-1947, the author also widely uses the new results of cameral and historical commentary on the material of previous seasons.